“Does he need help or can he help himself?” Preschool children’s expectations about others’ instrumental helping versus self-helping
نویسندگان
چکیده
In the present study, we investigated a total of fifty-one 3.5-, 4.5-, and 5.5-year-old children's expectations about another person's helping behaviors. We asked children to complete a story in which one person failed to complete his goal (e.g., because an object was misplaced or put out of his reach) while the other person observed the event. We asked whether the children expected the other person to help the protagonist or whether they expected the protagonist to help himself. Children of 3.5 years expected the other person to provide help in the majority of trials. In contrast, the older children were equally likely to predict that the other person would help the protagonist or the protagonist would help himself.
منابع مشابه
Young Children Want to See Others Get the Help They Need.
Children's instrumental helping has sometimes been interpreted as a desire to complete action sequences or to restore the physical order of things. Two-year-old children (n = 51) selectively retrieved for an adult the object he needed rather than one he did not (but which equally served to restore the previous order of things), and those with greater internal arousal (i.e., pupil dilation) were...
متن کاملhe Efficacy of Operational First Aid Training Course in Preschool Children
Background: All parents of a child know that keeping their child at home is difficult enough, but when the child goes to school, there are new challenges and very dangerous situation. Preparing children for such situations is one of the tasks of the education system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of operational first aid training course in preschool children. Method...
متن کاملEditor's Note
This issue comes with changes in our web page and the addition of a group of scholars who have graciously accepted to be our advisory board members. PLSJ was a challenge in Persian studies in Iran and was faced with quite a few obstacles in these five volumes. The ministry of higher education still does not consider PLSJ as an academic journal and does not list in its approved list of journals!...
متن کامل“Help Yourself!” What Can Toddlers’ Helping Failures Tell Us About the Development of Prosocial Behavior?
Prosocial behavior emerges in the second year of life, yet it is typical for children in this period not to share, comfort, or help. We compared toddlers (18, 30 months) who helped with those who did not help on two tasks (instrumental helping; empathic helping). More than half of children failed to help on one or both tasks. Nonhelpers engaged in more hypothesis testing on the instrumental hel...
متن کاملParental Presence and Encouragement Do Not Influence Helping in Young Children
Young children begin helping others with simple instrumental problems from soon after their first birthdays. In previous observations of this phenomenon, both naturalistic and experimental, children’s parents were in the room and could potentially have influenced their behavior. In the two current studies, we gave 24-month-old children the opportunity to help an unfamiliar adult obtain an out-o...
متن کامل